Base fabric with bilateral piles

ABSTRACT

Bilateral pile fabrics in which a base fabric, such as a fibrous fleece sheet, has on both sides staggered courses and aligned wales, and including pile threads on both sides extending in successive courses between adjacent wales.

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Filed Sept. 22, 1969 Patented Aug. 10, I971 [56] References Cited UNITEDSTATES PATENTS [2 [73] EIitex-Zavody Textilniko Strojirenstoi n h m m .wmm WWK 677 666 999 111 ll/ 39 709 103 090 304 333 M Assignee 5 mm mm H 66 6 6 6595 68 confilnuafiomimpm of application Primary Examiner- RonaldFeldbaum 858,935 Sept 18, 1969. Att0rneyMichael S. Striker ABSTRACT:Bilateral pile fabrics in which a base fabric, such as a fibrous fleecesheet, has on both sides staggered courses and aligned wales, andincluding pile threads on both sides extending in successive coursesbetween adjacent wales.

[54] BASE FABRIC WITH BILATERAL PILES 10 Claims, 3 Drawing Figs.

Patented Aug. 10, 1971 '2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented Aug. 10, 1971' 2Sheets-Sheet 2 BASE FABRIC WITH BILATERAL PILES REFERENCE TO A RELATEDAPPLICATION The present application is a continuation-in-partapplication of our copending application Ser. No. 858,935, filed Sept.

18, 1969 entitled Apparatus and Method for Making Piles on a BaseFabric.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Bilateral knitted pile fabrics areknown inwhich knitted loops are held in a base fabric by mutual friction. Onebilateral knitted pile fabric is known in which knitted loops are boundby seams made by sewing needles. This fabric has the disadvantage thatthe pile loops do not have sufficient strength and resistance whenfinished and used, and furthermore that the pile loops do not have aconstant length.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is one object of the invention to provide abase fabric with bilateral piles which overcomes the disadvantages ofprior art pile fabrics.

It is another object of the invention to provide bilateral pile fabricsin which knitted pile loops are firmly anchored to the base fabric.

Another object of the invention is to provide a base fabric with knittedreinforcing Wales and courses on both sides, and to anchor pile loops insuccessive courses in different wales.

With these objects in view, the present invention provides on eitherside of the base fabric, at least one system of pile threads which ineach successive course are knitted in dif-' ferent wales.

One bilateral pile fabric according to the invention has registeringwales and staggered courses of two threads on opposite sides, and sincethe back loops of each system of threads extend in successive coursesbetween adjacent wales staggered and firmly anchored pile loops areformed on opposite sides of the base fabric.

Another bilateral pile fabric according to the invention has on oppositesides, registering knitted wales of chain loops, and staggered courses,and a pilethread is knitted on each side of the fabric in successivecourses between adjacent wales on the respective side of the fabric.

Generally speaking, a pile fabric according to the invention comprisesfirst and second thread means knitted from op-' posite sides of a basefabric to form first wales and first courses on one side, and secondwales and second courses on the other side of the base fabric,respectively, and the first and second thread means forming,respectively, two groups or systems of pile loop portions of which onegroup extends between adjacent first wales and successive first courseson one side, and the other group or system extends between adjacentsecond wales and successive second courses on the other side of the basefabric.

In one embodiment of the invention the first and second thread meansinclude sets of first and second threads, respectively. On each side ofthe base fabric there are wales and courses consisting of loops having afront loop portion on one side and a back loop portion on the respectiveother side of the base fabric, and the loops formed of the same threadare located in successive courses in adjacent wales so that the backloop portions extend between successive courses and adjacent wales onthe respective other side of the base fabric, and form on both sides ofthe base fabric groups of pile loops.

In another embodiment of the invention, on either side of the basefabric there is a set of binding threads and a set ofpile threadsprovided. The binding threads form wales consisting of binding chainloops. and the respective pile thread is anchored by the binding chainloops on the same side located in adjacent wales and successive courses,and form a group of pile loops.

The novel features which are considered as characteristic for theinvention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. Theinvention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method ofoperation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, willbe best understood from the following description of specificembodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic viewillustrating a portion of a bilateral pile fabric in accordance with oneembodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a portion ofa pile fabricaccording to another embodiment of the invention; and

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary schematic view illustrating apparatus for makingpile fabrics according to the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring first to FIG. 3, theapparatus has two opposite supporting means 1 and 2 on which needles 3and 4 are mounted in a slanted position on opposite sides of a basefabric 13. The angle between the needles 3 and 4 is less than I".Between the two supporting means 102, two support combs 5 and 6, and twoloop combs 7 and 8 are arranged in a position in which the supportingcombs 5 are located directly adjacent opposite sides of the base fabric13, while loop combs 7 and 8 are mounted on support combs 5 and 6,respectively. Support combs 5 and 6 support sinkers 9 and 10,respectively, and loop combs 7 and 8 support sinkers 11 and 12,respectively.

The loop combs 6 and 8 are mounted on support combs 5 and 6 movabletoward and away from the plane of base fabric 13 which may be wovenfabric, a knitted fabric, or a fibrous fleece which is withdrawn from aletoff reel 21 through tensioning means 22 by transporting rollers 25and then guided over a roller 26 in the direction T to a takeup reel,not shown.

Each of the supporting means land 2 carries two thread guide means 14,15 and 16, 18 which supply threads 18 and 19, respectively, to the hooks20 of needles 4 and 3. Threads 18 and 19 are supplied, respectively bybobbins 33, 34 and 35, 36, respectively.

Latch beds 27 and 28 support latches 29, 30 which cooperate with therespective needle hoods to close the same during movement of therespective needle through the base fabric, and to open the hook when theneedle catches the thread. Each needle 3 cooperates with a pair ofsinkers 9 and 11, and each needle 4 cooperates with a pair of sinkers l0and 12. The thread guide means 14 and 15 cooperate with needle 4, andthe thread guide means 16 and 17 cooperate with needle 3, the needlesand thread guides being, respectively, located on opposite sides of thesupporting combs 5 and loop combs 7. Thread guide means 14 and 15 aremounted on a carrier which is oscillated by shaft 31, and thread guidemeans 16 and 17 are mounted on a carrier which is oscillated by a shaft32.

The base fabric is pulled by transporting rollers 25 to an operativeposition in which it is tensioned by rollers 22 and located between thesupport combs 5 and 6 and stationary sinkers 9 and 10. The base fabric13 is stopped, and the needles 3 are operated to penetrate the basefabric 13 and to catch a yarn 19 on the remote side of the base fabric13 whereupon latch 29 is closed and thread 19 is pulled through the basefabric to form a loop. Needles 3 and 4 knit alternately first and secondstaggered courses and first and second registering wales on oppositesides of the base fabric. The movement of support beds I and 2 iscontrolled by a mechanism, not shown, by which the motion of theinoperative support bed is slowed down in such a manner that the needles3 ofsupport bed 1, for example, enter the base fabric 13 after thecompletion of the working cycle of the needles 4 of the respective othersupport bed 2.

In order to produce the bilateral pile fabric of FIG. 1, needles 3 and 4knit threads in a known pattern in which the loops of each thread arelocated in adjacent wales in each successive course so that the needlesdo not form wales consisting of chain stitches. The threads 18 formloops having back loop portions 23 laid over sinkers l1 ofloop comb 7,while threads 19, passing through the base fabric 13 in the same manner,form back loops 23 on sinkers 12 of loop comb 8. By opera tion of loopcombs 7 and 8, respectively, in synchronism with the needle operations,the back loop portions 23 and 23' are drawn out to be of greater length,as required for pile loops.

After the needles 3 have knitted a course of loops, the base fabric withthe knitted course is transported by transporting rollers 25 a distandewhich is half the spacing between two successive courses, whereupon theneedles 4 are operated to knit the next course. Consequently, in thefinal pile fabric 14, pile loops 23 and 23' are staggered to each otherhalf the distance between two successive courses. The back loop portions23' formed of yarns 19 on the respective other side ofthe base fabric,are also drawn out by movement of sinkers 12 of loop comb 8 away fromthe sinkers 10 of support comb 6, so that pile loops 23 and 23 areformed on both sides of the fabric, consisting of drawn out back loopportions.

A pile fabric according to the first embodiment ofthe invention is shownin FIG. 1. The back loop portions formed of threads 18 are generallyindicated 23, while the back loop portions formed of threads 19 aregenerally indicated 23'. Each thread 19 has a front loop portion 19awhich, in successive courses, are located in two adjacent wales and areconnected with each other by back loop portions 19b located on therespective other side of the base fabric 13. Another thread 19 forms afront loop portion 19 c and back loop portions 19d on the respectiveother side of the base fabric, connecting two front loop portions 190.The slanted back loop portions 19b and 19d are drawn out by sinkers 12to form pile loops.

A thread 18 forms front loop portions 18a located on the other side ofthe fabric as compared with the front loop portions 19a, and located intwo adjacent wales alternating with front loop portions 18c formed ofanother thread 19. The back loop portions 18b of front loop portions180, and the back loop portions 18d of front loop portions 186 arelocated on the front of the base fabric, and are drawn out by sinkers 11of loop comb 7 to form pile loops on the front of the base fabric 13 sothat the finished fabric 14 is formed.

The needles 3 and 4 are operated so that the first and second walesformed of threads 18 and 19, respectively, register with each other,while the courses formed of threads 18 are staggered to the coursesformed of threads 19 half the distance between two courses formed on thesame side of the fabric.

Referring now to the embodiment of FIG. 2, first binding threads 70 formfront loop portions 71 and back loop portions 72 in wales A, B, C, Dconsisting of chain loops. Second bind' ing threads 60 form from loopportions 61 on the back of the fabric, and back loop portions 62 on thefront of the fabric 13, each wale A, B, C, D consisting ofchain loops.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view in which the wales A and A, for example,appear to be spaced, but actually the wales A, A, for example, formed onopposite sides of fabric 13, register with each other.

A group of front pile threads 40 is provided on the front of base fabric13, and a group of back pile threads 20 is provided on the back ofthebase fabric 13. The front pile thread 40 extends in successive coursesof the front binding thread 70 between adjacent wales. For example, afront pile thread 40 is bound at the point 40b by a front loop portion71 in a wale B, and is then bound in the successive course by the frontloop portion 71 at a point 40a of the wale A in the successive course,and is again bound at a point 40b in wale B in the following course.

The back pile threads 20 are bound in the same manner by the chain loopsof the back wales A to D. For example, a back pile thread 20 extendsbetween adjacent back wales A,

B in a zigzag path and is bound in successive courses and adjacent walesA, B on the back of the fabric. In this manner, front pile loops 4S, andback pile loops 65 are formed on opposite sides of the base fabric 13.

The pile threads 40 and 20 are selectively deposited under the needles,while the binding threads 60 and are knitted of chainstitches wherebythe pile threads 20 and 40 are caught between the base fabric 1 and therespective back loop portion 72 of binding thread 70, or 62 of bindingthread 60.

Both pile fabrics described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 comprisethreads which can be of different thickness, quality, and color, andwhich may be laid on different patterns. For example, the pile threadsmay be placed on regular or irregular intervals. Different color effectson the two sides of the base fabric, may be achieved by using pilethreads 20 and 40 of different color in the embodiment of FIG. 2, and inthe embodi ment of FIG. 1 by using threads of different color in frontand in the back of the base fabric 13. The pile loop portions may be ofdifferent length and height so that a relief pattern is formed in thepiles.

The bilateral pile fabrics according to the invention may beadvantageously used as blankets, garment linings, carpets, terry cloth,and similar fabrics.

It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or twoor more together, may also find a useful application in other types ofbilateral pile fabrics differing from the types described above.

While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in abase fabric with bilateral knitted piles consist ing of pile loopsextending in successive courses between adjacent wales, it is notintended to be limited to the details shown, since various modificationsand structural changes may be made without departing in any way from thespirit of the present invention.

What we claim as new and desire to be protected by Letters Patent is setforth in the appended claims.

1. Base fabric with bilateral piles, comprising a base fabric; and firstand second thread means knitted from opposite sides of said base fabricto form first wales and first courses on one side, and second wales andsecond courses in the other side of said base fabric, respectively, saidfirst and second thread means forming, respectively, two groups of pileloop portions, one group extending between adjacent first wales andsuccessive first courses on said one side, and the other group extendingbetween adjacent second wales and successive second courses on saidother side of said base fabric.

2. Base fabric with bilateral piles as claimed in claim 1 wherein saidfirst and second courses are spaced the same distance, respectively; andwherein said first courses are staggered to said second courses halfsaid distance.

3. Base fabric with bilateral piles, comprising a base fabric; and firstand second thread means knitted from opposite sides of said base fabricto form first wales and first courses on one side, and second wales andsecond courses on the other side of said base fabric, respectively, saidfirst and second thread means forming, respectively, two groups of pileloop portions, one group extending between adjacent first wales andsuccessive first courses on said one side, and the other group extendingbetween adjacent second wales and successive second courses on saidother side of said base fabric, said one group of pile loop portionsbeing the back loop portions of loops of said second wales and courses,and said other group of pile loop portions being the back loop portionsof loops of said first wales and courses.

4. Base fabric with bilateral piles as claimed in claim 3 wherein saidfirst and second wales register.

5. Base fabric with bilateral piles as claimed in claim 3 wherein saidfirst and second thread means include sets of first and second threads,respectively; wherein said first wales and first courses consist offirst loops having a first front loop portion on said one side, and afirst back loop portion on said other side of said base fabric; whereinfirst loops formed on the same first thread are located in successivefirst courses in adjacent first wales whereby saidfirst back loopportions extend between successive first courses and adjacent firstwales on said other side of said base fabric; wherein said second walesand second courses consist of second loops having a second front loopportion on said other side, and a second back loop portion of said oneside of said base fabric; and wherein second loops formed on the samesecond thread are located in successive second courses in adjacentsecond wales whereby said second back loop portions extend betweensuccessive second wales and adjacent second courses on said one side ofsaid fabric so that said second and first back loop portions form,respectively, said one group and said other group of pile loop portions.

6. Base fabric with bilateral piles as claimed in claim 5 wherein saidfirst and second wales. register; wherein said first and second coursesare spaced the same distance, respectively; and wherein said firstcourses are staggered to said second courses, respectively, half saiddistance.

7. Base fabric with bilateral piles, comprising a base fabric; and firstand second thread means knitted from opposite sides of said base fabricto form first wales and first courses on the other side of said basefabric, respectively said first thread means including a set of firstbinding threads forming said first wales offirst binding chain loops,and a set of first pile threads, each first pile thread being anchoredby first binding chain loops of said first binding threads located inadjacent first wales and successive first courses and said second threadmeans including a set of second binding threads forming said secondwales of second binding chain loops, and a set of second pile threads,each second pile thread being anchored by said second binding chainloops of said second binding threads located in adjacent second walesand successive second courses, said'first binding chain loops formingone group of pile loop portions and said second binding loops forming another group of pile loop portions, said one group extending betweenadjacent first wales and successive first courses of said one side, andsaid other group extending between adjacent second wales and successivesecond courses on said other side of said fabric.

8. Base fabric as claimed in claim 7 wherein said first and second walesare formed of chain loops and are located on opposite sides of said basefabric registering with each other, respectively.

9. Base fabric with bilateral piles as claimed in claim 8 wherein saidfirst and second courses are spaced the same distance; and wherein saidfirst courses are staggered to said second courses, respectively, halfsaid distance.

10. Base fabric with bilateral piles, comprising a base fabric; andfirst and second thread means knitted from opposite sides of said basefabric to form first wales and first courses on one side, and secondwales and second courses on the other side of said base fabric,respectively, said first and second thread means forming, respectively,two groups of pile loop portions, one group extending between adjacentfirst wales and successive first courses on said one side, and the othergroup extending between adjacent second wales and successive secondcourses on said other side of said base fabric, at least one of saidgroups of pile loop portions being made of a plurality of threads havingdifferent colors.

1. Base fabric with bilateral piles, comprising a base fabric; and firstand second thread means knitted from opposite sides of said base fabricto form first wales and first courses on one side, and second wales andsecond courses on the other side of said base fabric, respectively, saidfirst and second thread means forming, respectively, two groups of pileloop portions, one group extending between adjacent first wales andsuccessive first courses on said one side, and the other group extendingbetween adjacent second wales and successive second courses on saidother side of said base fabric.
 2. Base fabric with bilateral piles asclaimed in claim 1 wherein said first and second courses are spaced thesame distance, respectively; and wherein said first courses arestaggered to said second courses half said distance.
 3. Base fabric withbilateral piles, comprising a base fabric; and first and second threadmeans knitted from opposite sides of said base fabric to form firstwales and first courses on one side, and second wales and second courseson the other side of said base fabric, respectivEly, said first andsecond thread means forming, respectively, two groups of pile loopportions, one group extending between adjacent first wales andsuccessive first courses on said one side, and the other group extendingbetween adjacent second wales and successive second courses on saidother side of said base fabric, said one group of pile loop portionsbeing the back loop portions of loops of said second wales and courses,and said other group of pile loop portions being the back loop portionsof loops of said first wales and courses.
 4. Base fabric with bilateralpiles as claimed in claim 3 wherein said first and second walesregister.
 5. Base fabric with bilateral piles as claimed in claim 3wherein said first and second thread means include sets of first andsecond threads, respectively; wherein said first wales and first coursesconsist of first loops having a first front loop portion on said oneside, and a first back loop portion on said other side of said basefabric; wherein first loops formed of the same first thread are locatedin successive first courses in adjacent first wales whereby said firstback loop portions extend between successive first courses and adjacentfirst wales on said other side of said base fabric; wherein said secondwales and second courses consist of second loops having a second frontloop portion on said other side, and a second back loop portion of saidone side of said base fabric; and wherein second loops formed of thesame second thread are located in successive second courses in adjacentsecond wales whereby said second back loop portions extend betweensuccessive second wales and adjacent second courses on said one side ofsaid fabric so that said second and first back loop portions form,respectively, said one group and said other group of pile loop portions.6. Base fabric with bilateral piles as claimed in claim 5 wherein saidfirst and second wales register; wherein said first and second coursesare spaced the same distance, respectively; and wherein said firstcourses are staggered to said second courses, respectively, half saiddistance.
 7. Base fabric with bilateral piles, comprising a base fabric;and first and second thread means knitted from opposite sides of saidbase fabric to form first wales and first courses on the other side ofsaid base fabric, respectively, said first thread means including a setof first binding threads forming said first wales of first binding chainloops, and a set of first pile threads, each first pile thread beinganchored by first binding chain loops of said first binding threadslocated in adjacent first wales and successive first courses, and saidsecond thread means including a set of second binding threads formingsaid second wales of second binding chain loops, and a set of secondpile threads, each second pile thread being anchored by said secondbinding chain loops of said second binding threads located in adjacentsecond wales and successive second courses, said first binding chainloops forming one group of pile loop portions and said second bindingloops forming an other group of pile loop portions, said one groupextending between adjacent first wales and successive first courses ofsaid one side, and said other group extending between adjacent secondwales and successive second courses on said other side of said fabric.8. Base fabric as claimed in claim 7 wherein said first and second walesare formed of chain loops and are located on opposite sides of said basefabric registering with each other, respectively.
 9. Base fabric withbilateral piles as claimed in claim 8 wherein said first and secondcourses are spaced the same distance; and wherein said first courses arestaggered to said second courses, respectively, half said distance. 10.Base fabric with bilateral piles, comprising a base fabric; and firstand second thread means knitted from opposite sides of said base fabricto form first wales and first courses on one side, and second wAles andsecond courses on the other side of said base fabric, respectively, saidfirst and second thread means forming, respectively, two groups of pileloop portions, one group extending between adjacent first wales andsuccessive first courses on said one side, and the other group extendingbetween adjacent second wales and successive second courses on saidother side of said base fabric, at least one of said groups of pile loopportions being made of a plurality of threads having different colors.